{"id":49815,"date":"2008-03-06T05:24:28","date_gmt":"2008-03-06T02:24:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.altoros.com\/blog\/?p=49815"},"modified":"2024-01-04T04:43:00","modified_gmt":"2024-01-04T01:43:00","slug":"etl-whats-in-abbreviation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.altoros.com\/blog\/etl-whats-in-abbreviation\/","title":{"rendered":"What Is ETL (Extract, Transform, and Load)?"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_79_2 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-transparent ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.altoros.com\/blog\/etl-whats-in-abbreviation\/#Introduction\" >Introduction<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.altoros.com\/blog\/etl-whats-in-abbreviation\/#1_Extract\" >1. Extract<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.altoros.com\/blog\/etl-whats-in-abbreviation\/#2_Transform\" >2. Transform<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.altoros.com\/blog\/etl-whats-in-abbreviation\/#3_Load\" >3. Load<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.altoros.com\/blog\/etl-whats-in-abbreviation\/#Further_reading\" >Further reading<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/www.altoros.com\/blog\/etl-whats-in-abbreviation\/#Related_slides\" >Related slides<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Introduction\"><\/span>Introduction<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>In brief, <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Extract,_transform,_load\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">ETL processes<\/a> are used to extract data from various sources, transform it by cleaning and integrating, and finally load it into data warehouses, databases, or corporate systems. The data you get in the end is clean, well-structured, systematic, and ready to use. It sounds quite easy, but in reality there\u2019s much more to it. There\u2019s a catch to each step.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Extract\"><\/span>1. Extract<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>During the first step, <strong>data extraction<\/strong>, the challenge you are dealing with is the bulk of data from different sources. It might be different departments, databases, formats, reporting systems, etc. This scattered data needs to somehow be captured and moved into the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.altoros.com\/blog\/when-developing-system-architectures-think-about-data-integration\/\">staging database<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><center><a href=\"https:\/\/www.altoros.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2008\/03\/ETL-diagram.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.altoros.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2008\/03\/ETL-diagram.png\" width=\"640\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-62908\" \/><\/a><small>ETL diagram (<a href=\"https:\/\/tdwi.org\/~\/media\/TDWI\/TDWI\/Miscellaneous\/2002\/08\/TDWI_Data_Integration_Webcast%20pdf.ashx\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">image credit<\/a>)<\/small><\/center><\/p>\n<p>In order to work with <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Heterogeneous_database_system\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">heterogeneous<\/a> data structures, an ETL tool should:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Work with a variety of formats and databases<\/li>\n<li>Convert flat files, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.altoros.com\/blog\/unstructured-data-a-challenge-for-it-decision-makers\/\">unstructured<\/a> data<\/li>\n<li>Define <a href=\"https:\/\/www.altoros.com\/blog\/the-challenges-of-moving-data-to-a-new-crm\/\">mappings<\/a> and transformation rules, storing them independently from the actual implementations<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Constructing connections to each of the source technologies may become challenging. So, prebuilt mappings and connectors provided by ETL tools facilitate this effort greatly.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Transform\"><\/span>2. Transform<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Next, <strong>data transformation<\/strong>\u2014this step is the most complicated one. It can be broken into four separate steps under the umbrella of transformation:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><em>data verification<\/em><\/strong>\u2014comparing the extracted information with the data warehouse&#8217;s <a href=\"https:\/\/www.altoros.com\/blog\/sources-of-poor-data-quality\/\">quality<\/a> standards. In case data doesn\u2019t meet the outlined standards, it either gets rejected, or held to be reviewed by the administrator.<\/li>\n<li><strong><em>data cleansing<\/em><\/strong>\u2014the data left from the previous step is made more precise. (The techniques this stage includes are so many that they deserve a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.altoros.com\/blog\/wrong-approach-to-data-quality-right-approach-to-data-quality\/\">separate post<\/a>.)<\/li>\n<li><strong><em>data mapping<\/em><\/strong>\u2014merging data from different sources into a single interface, structuring it into columns and tying it together logically.<\/li>\n<li><strong><em>data consolidation<\/strong><\/em> (or aggregation)\u2014summarizing data from the previous step and performing overall calculations to provide the user with a more complete picture.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><center><a href=\"https:\/\/www.altoros.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2008\/03\/tdwi-etl-for-database-migration-and-data-warehousing.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.altoros.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2008\/03\/tdwi-etl-for-database-migration-and-data-warehousing.jpg\" width=\"640\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-62668\" \/><\/a><small>ETL as a technology of choice for database migration, DW, and BI (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.slideshare.net\/mrm0\/etl-market-webcast\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">image credit<\/a>)<\/small><\/center><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Load\"><\/span>3. Load<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Finally, <strong>loading<\/strong>. This step simply uploads the data organized during transformation into a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.altoros.com\/blog\/5-things-to-watch-out-for-in-data-warehousing\/\">warehouse<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>During this whole process, the one thing to be careful of is losing data. ETL process does not presuppose changing the initial data, it should only make it better, cleaner, more correct and organized.<\/p>\n<p><center><a href=\"https:\/\/www.altoros.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2008\/03\/bi-research-2005-etl-types-in-use.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.altoros.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2008\/03\/bi-research-2005-etl-types-in-use-1024x668.png\" width=\"640\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-62665\" \/><\/a><small>Most common ETL approaches (<a href=\"https:\/\/tdwi.org\/~\/media\/TDWI\/TDWI\/Miscellaneous\/2002\/08\/TDWI_Data_Integration_Webcast%20pdf.ashx\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">image credit<\/a>)<\/small><\/center><\/p>\n<p>Finally, ETL can be utilized across numerous scenarios and needs. This can be either a one-time activity, or an ongoing process. You can implement either batch ETL jobs, or deal with real-time data<a href=\"https:\/\/www.altoros.com\/blog\/building-etl-that-fits-your-business-requirements\/\"><\/a>\u2014and so on and so forth.<\/p>\n<hr\/>\n<p><small>p.s. If you need an ETL tool, explore <a href=\"https:\/\/www.altoros.com\/blog\/what-is-apatar-open-source-data-integration\/\">Apatar<\/a>.<\/small><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Further_reading\"><\/span>Further reading<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.altoros.com\/blog\/top-data-integration-challenges-regarding-dq-cdi-eai-dw-and-bi\/\">Top Data Integration Challenges: Meet DQ, CDI, EAI, DW, and BI<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.altoros.com\/blog\/etl-vs-esb\/\">ETL vs. ESB from Apatar\u2019s Point of View<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.altoros.com\/blog\/guide-to-reducing-etl-and-data-integration-costs-by-80-percent\/\">Reducing ETL and Data Integration Costs by 80% with Open Source<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Related_slides\"><\/span>Related slides<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><center><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"\/\/www.slideshare.net\/slideshow\/embed_code\/key\/3WlwTGMUbaxuLr\" width=\"595\" height=\"485\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" style=\"border:0px solid #CCC; border-width:0px; margin-bottom:0px; max-width: 100%;\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/center><\/p>\n<hr\/>\n<p><center><small>The post is written by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.altoros.com\/blog\/author\/alena-semeshko\/\">Alena Semeshko<\/a>, edited by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.altoros.com\/blog\/author\/alex\/\">Alex Khizhniak<\/a>.<\/small><\/center><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Introduction<\/p>\n<p>In brief, ETL processes are used to extract data from various sources, transform it by cleaning and integrating, and finally load it into data warehouses, databases, or corporate systems. The data you get in the end is clean, well-structured, systematic, and ready to use. It sounds quite easy, but in [&#8230;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":178,"featured_media":59665,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"content-type":"","footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[960,895],"class_list":["post-49815","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news-and-opinion","tag-data-integration","tag-research-and-development"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>What Is ETL (Extract, Transform, and Load)? | Altoros<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The ETL (Extract, Transform, and Load) process is an integral part of data integration and data warehousing.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.altoros.com\/blog\/etl-whats-in-abbreviation\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"What Is ETL (Extract, Transform, and Load)? | Altoros\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Introduction In brief, ETL processes are used to extract data from various sources, transform it by cleaning and integrating, and finally load it into data warehouses, databases, or corporate systems. 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On her blog, she covers ETL, EAI, BI, open-source, and all the aspects of data integration. Alena is focused on creating awareness, fostering a better understanding, and keeping her readers well-informed on the emerging problems and data integration practices of the day. 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