{"id":4728,"date":"2014-03-03T17:23:40","date_gmt":"2014-03-03T14:23:40","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blog.altoros.com\/?p=4728"},"modified":"2021-03-25T23:38:03","modified_gmt":"2021-03-25T20:38:03","slug":"a-high-level-overview-of-openshift-and-cloudfoundry-features-and-architectures","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.altoros.com\/blog\/a-high-level-overview-of-openshift-and-cloudfoundry-features-and-architectures\/","title":{"rendered":"A High-Level Overview of OpenShift and Cloud Foundry: Features and Architectures"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_82_2 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-transparent ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.altoros.com\/blog\/a-high-level-overview-of-openshift-and-cloudfoundry-features-and-architectures\/#The_two_leading_PaaS_systems\" >The two leading PaaS systems<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.altoros.com\/blog\/a-high-level-overview-of-openshift-and-cloudfoundry-features-and-architectures\/#Architectures_in_a_nutshell\" >Architectures in a nutshell<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.altoros.com\/blog\/a-high-level-overview-of-openshift-and-cloudfoundry-features-and-architectures\/#Further_reading\" >Further reading<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"The_two_leading_PaaS_systems\"><\/span>The two leading PaaS systems<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-4742 alignright\" alt=\"openshift_cloudfoundry_wp\" src=\"https:\/\/www.altoros.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/03\/openshift_cloudfoundry_wp.png\" width=\"124\" height=\"158\" style=\"margin: 0px 0px 0px 15px;\"\/><\/p>\n<p>Among all open-source projects in the category known as Platform-as-a-Service, OpenShift and Cloud Foundry have amassed the strongest development communities. With similar functionality and goals, both make it possible to write code in a variety of languages and deploy applications to public or private clouds. Both are evolving extremely fast.<\/p>\n<p>Though the launch of the Cloud Foundry Foundation (Feb 24, 2014) changed the game for the entire PaaS industry, few\u2014if any\u2014in-depth comparisons of OpenShift and Cloud Foundry exist yet. We wanted to contribute to this by combining a high-level overview of Cloud Foundry and OpenShift.<\/p>\n<p>Today, we are publishing \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.altoros.com\/research-papers\/openshift-and-cloud-foundry-paas-high-level-overview-of-features-and-architectures\/\">OpenShift and Cloud Foundry PaaS: a High-level Overview of Features and Architectures<\/a>,\u201d a chapter from a deeper research that is still in progress. This document includes 2 tables and 2 diagrams that compare the available functionality as of February 2014.<\/p>\n<p>Please note that this is only the initial version of the document, a 10-page chapter. We understand that for a comprehensive comparison much more info is needed (e.g., adoption, deployment, ALM, etc.). Depending on what will happen to these two platforms in the months coming after the Cloud Foundry Foundation announcement, an extended paper may be published later. We&#8217;re already working on it.<\/p>\n<p>As for now, any feedback from the members of the community on the accuracy of data in this white paper is welcome. Your opinions will help to make this and future comparisons as fair as possible. If you have any suggestions on the possible roadmap for this document, feel free to let me know, as well.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Architectures_in_a_nutshell\"><\/span>Architectures in a nutshell<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>When I was digging into the architectures of Cloud Foundry and OpenShift for a high-level overview, it became obvious that many of their major components have similar functionality:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>Routers<\/em> manage user traffic.<\/li>\n<li><em>Working Nodes<\/em> are used to stage and run web applications.<\/li>\n<li><em>Managers<\/em> are the components that manage and monitor <em>Working Nodes<\/em> and take care of them in case of failures.<\/li>\n<li><em>The Messaging Bus<\/em> enables collaboration between different parts of a distributed PaaS.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Although similar in functionality, these components use different technologies:<\/p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\"><!--\n.myTable { background-color:transparent;border-collapse:collapse; }\n.myTable th { background-color:#E0E0E0;color:black;width:20%; }\n.myTable td, .myTable th { padding:5px;border:1px solid #989898; }\n--><\/style>\n<table class=\"myTable\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th><small><center><b>Component\/Function<\/center><\/b><\/small><\/th>\n<th><small><center><b>OpenShift<\/center><\/b><\/small><\/th>\n<th><small><center><b>Cloud Foundry<\/center><\/b><\/small><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><small><b>Router<\/b><\/small><\/td>\n<td><small>Brokers, HAProxy Gears<\/small><\/td>\n<td><small>Router<\/small><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><small><b>Working Nodes<\/b><\/small><\/td>\n<td><small>Gears<\/small><\/td>\n<td><small>Warden containers within DEA<\/small><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><small><b>Messaging Bus<\/b><\/small><\/td>\n<td><small>ActiveMQ<\/small><\/td>\n<td><small>NATS<\/small><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><small><b>Managers<\/b><\/small><\/td>\n<td><small>Brokers<\/small><\/td>\n<td><small>Cloud Controller, Health Managers<\/small><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><small><b>Providing resources and services to applications<\/b><\/small><\/td>\n<td><small>Cartridges<\/small><\/td>\n<td><small>Buildpacks and services<\/small><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>OpenShift<\/strong> uses unified abstractions to work with applications in the cloud. Its <i>Gears<\/i> are designed to run apps with separate access to shared resources and are implemented as lightweight containers. <em>Cartridges<\/em> provide the actual functionality necessary to run a user application. They add support for programming languages and access to various databases. Cartridges are the add-ons that contain binaries, setup, and control scripts that make it possible to deploy and maintain the functionality of applications.<\/p>\n<p>OpenShift\u2019s <em>Brokers<\/em> are the point of contact for all application management activities and traffic. They are implemented as daemons responsible for managing user logins, domain name systems, and application status. <em>Nodes<\/em> and <em>Broker Support Nodes (BSN) <\/em>represent the lower layer of the OpenShift architecture. Nodes are the physical machines where the Gears are allocated, while BSN are the Nodes that run Brokers. BSN and Nodes are connected through a <em>Messaging Bus<\/em>\u2014for this purpose, OpenShift uses ActiveMQ.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Cloud Foundry<\/strong> has more direct and straightforward abstractions. The dynamic routing layer (<em>Router<\/em>) handles all the traffic. It resolves application traffic and developers\u2019 Cloud Foundry REST API requests. <em>Cloud Controller <\/em>is responsible for all management tasks. Being the main endpoint for the Cloud Foundry REST API, it uses the UAA module to authenticate and authorize users. <em>Health Manager<\/em> monitors the status of applications and takes appropriate actions, when it changes (e.g., if an instance is down, it automatically triggers the system to create a new one). The <em>NATS<\/em> messaging system processes notifications. Services provide everything that an application may need to work properly with other resources, such as databases and external services.<\/p>\n<p>Both OpenShift and Cloud Foundry support <em>container<\/em> management. Red Hat provides application container isolation via Docker, while Cloud Foundry relies on Warden. Although Docker and Warden serve the same purpose\u2014providing resource isolation to applications (CPU, memory, etc.)\u2014they use different approaches to achieve this. However, with the Decker project, Cloud Foundry is now a step closer to Docker.<\/p>\n<p>It is also worth mentioning that one of the greatest advantages of Cloud Foundry is support for Heroku buildpacks. These bundles of detection and configuration scripts can deploy applications, as well as install all the application dependencies. When you push an application, the system automatically applies the appropriate buildpack\u2014or you can set it manually.<\/p>\n<p>You can find more details on the topic in my <a href=\"https:\/\/www.altoros.com\/research-papers\/openshift-and-cloud-foundry-paas-high-level-overview-of-features-and-architectures\/\">basic overview of OpenShift and Cloud Foundry<\/a> (features and architectures). The document is by no means exhaustive, but only part of a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.altoros.com\/research-papers\/architects-guide-to-implementing-the-cloud-foundry-paas\/\">bigger project<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Further_reading\"><\/span>Further reading<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.altoros.com\/research-papers\/openshift-and-cloud-foundry-paas-high-level-overview-of-features-and-architectures\/\">OpenShift and Cloud Foundry PaaS: High-level Overview of Features and Architectures<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.altoros.com\/blog\/faster-development-with-cloud-foundry-going-the-paas-way\/\">Going the PaaS Way: Develop Faster with Cloud Foundry<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.altoros.com\/blog\/cloud-foundry-in-comparison-to-other-paases\/\">PaaS Comparison 2014: Cloud Foundry vs. Other Platforms<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>The two leading PaaS systems<\/p>\n<p>Among all open-source projects in the category known as Platform-as-a-Service, OpenShift and Cloud Foundry have amassed the strongest development communities. With similar functionality and goals, both make it possible to write code in a variety of languages and deploy applications to public or private clouds. Both [&#8230;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":35,"featured_media":60799,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"content-type":"","footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[873,206],"class_list":["post-4728","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news-and-opinion","tag-cloud-native","tag-oss-cloud-foundry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>A High-Level Overview of OpenShift and Cloud Foundry: Features and Architectures | Altoros<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Our new report compares major components of the OpenShift and Cloud Foundry architectures: a router, working nodes, a messaging bus, and managers.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.altoros.com\/blog\/a-high-level-overview-of-openshift-and-cloudfoundry-features-and-architectures\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"A High-Level Overview of OpenShift and Cloud Foundry: Features and Architectures | Altoros\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"&nbsp; The two leading PaaS systems Among all open-source projects in the category known as Platform-as-a-Service, OpenShift and Cloud Foundry have amassed the strongest development communities. 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